Neuropsychological characteristics of people living with asyntomatic HIV: cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31157/an.v1iInpress.635Keywords:
asymptomatic HIV, HAND, neuropsychological assessmentAbstract
Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects macrophages, microglia and astrocytes producing inflammation, damage and neuronal death; which can cause HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Methods: A group of 30 HIV patients with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) underwent a battery of tests to assess attention, memory, visuospatial skills, executive functions (working memory, processing speed, verbal fluency, planning and abstraction), mood (depressive and anxious symptomatology) and daily functioning. Results: 30% of the patients presented characteristics of asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment and 10% presented minor neurocognitive disorder. In mood, 83.3% of the patients presented depressive symptomatology and 66.6% presented anxious symptomatology. Negative and positive correlations were found between cognitive abilities and serological variables. Discussion: Cognitive impairment with subtle failures derived from HIV infection in the central nervous system is present in patients despite adherence to ART. While viral load remains undetectable, mild cognitive impairment is possible. When there is a decrease in CD4 cells, impairment may also occur. The presence of depressive and anxious symptomatology is frequent in HIV, so a neuropsychological intervention focused on mood is important in these patients. Conclusion: We emphasize the need for comprehensive care in patients with HIV that favors adherence to ART, neuropsychological and mood assessment and intervention.
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January 2014-December 2021 © Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez. Open access articles under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
